有源相控阵天线服役性能调控技术进展与挑战

Progress and Challenge of Operating Performance Regulation Technology for Active Phased Array Antennas

中文关键词: 有源相控阵天线  机电耦合  结构变形  馈电误差  性能调控

英文关键词: active phased array antenna  electromechanical coupling  structural deformation  feeding error  performance regulation

中文摘要:

      有源相控阵天线广泛应用于地面防空、机载火控、弹载制导、空间通信、电子侦察、气象导航等领域，是未来雷达技术发展的主流。天线在服役过程中不可避免地会受到复杂环境载荷作用，使阵面产生难以预知的结构变形与馈电误差，导致阵元位置偏移、指向偏转、阵元间互耦改变等，最终严重恶化天线的电性能。为此，文中归纳了陆、海、空、天不同服役场景下的环境载荷因素，厘清了稳态载荷、瞬态载荷对天线性能的影响机理，总结了天线阵面形变与馈电系统误差监测方法，进一步从结构补偿、电子补偿两方面给出了天线性能调控关键技术，并探讨了有源相控阵天线服役性能调控未来的研究方向与挑战。

英文摘要:

      Active phased array antennas have been widely applied in the fields of ground air defense, airborne fire control, missile borne guidance, space communication, electronic reconnaissance and weather navigation. The technology of active phased array antenna is the mainstream development direction of future radar technology. The antennas will inevitably be subjected to complex environmental loads in the service process, which will cause unpredictable structural deformation and feeding error. The element position, direction and mutual coupling between elements can be changed and finally the electromagnetic performance of the antenna will be seriously degraded. Therefore, this paper summarizes the environmental load factors under different service scenarios including land, sea, air and sky, clarifies the influence mechanism of steady-state load and transient load on antenna performance, summarizes the monitoring methods of structural deformation and feed system error of array antenna, further gives the key technologies of antenna performance regulation from both structural compensation and electronic compensation and discusses the future research directions and challenges of performance control technologies for active phased array antennas in operating status.